Flask Api & Mysql

from flask import Flask, jsonify, request
from models.models import db, Mahasiswa, Prodi

app = Flask(__name__)

# Konfigurasi Koneksi Database
# Format: mysql+pymysql://username:password@host/nama_database
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = "mysql+pymysql://root:123@localhost/flask-api"

db.init_app(app)

# Route Cek Server
@app.route("/")
def index():
    return jsonify({
        "meta": {
            "code": 200,
            "message": "Server is up"
        },
        "data": None
    }), 200

# =========================================
# CRUD MAHASISWA
# =========================================
# 1. READ ALL (Mengambil semua data)
@app.route("/mahasiswa", methods=["GET"])
def mahasiswa():
    list_mahasiswa = Mahasiswa.query.all()
    
    # Kita menggabungkan data mahasiswa dengan data prodi-nya
    data_json = []
    for m in list_mahasiswa:
        m_dict = m.to_dict()
        if m.prodi:
            m_dict["prodi"] = m.prodi.to_dict()
        else:
            m_dict["prodi"] = None
        data_json.append(m_dict)

    return jsonify({
        "meta": {
            "code": 200,
            "message": "List Mahasiswa"
        },
        "data": data_json
    }), 200

# 2. READ ONE (Detail Mahasiswa)
@app.route("/mahasiswa/<int:id>", methods=["GET"])
def detail_mahasiswa(id):
    # get_or_404 otomatis return error 404 jika data tidak ada
    selected_mahasiswa = Mahasiswa.query.get_or_404(id)
    return jsonify({
        "meta": {
            "code": 200,
            "message": "Detail Mahasiswa"
        },
        "data": selected_mahasiswa.to_dict()
    }), 200

# 3. CREATE (Menambah Mahasiswa)
@app.route("/mahasiswa", methods=["POST"])
def tambah_mahasiswa():
    try:
        data = request.get_json()

        # Validasi sederhana (Opsional tapi disarankan)
        if not data.get("npm") or not data.get("name"):
            return jsonify({"meta": {"code": 400, "message": "Nama dan NPM wajib diisi"}}), 400

        new_mahasiswa = Mahasiswa(
            name=data["name"],
            npm=data["npm"],
            profile_picture=data.get("profile_picture", "default.jpg"), # Kasih default jika kosong
            prodi_id=data.get("prodi_id")
        )

        db.session.add(new_mahasiswa)
        db.session.commit() # Simpan permanen ke DB

        return jsonify({
            "meta": {
                "code": 201,
                "message": "Berhasil menambahkan mahasiswa"
            },
            "data": new_mahasiswa.to_dict()
        }), 201
    except Exception as e:
        # Selalu handle error agar server tidak crash
        return jsonify({
            "meta": {
                "code": 500,
                "message": f"Internal Server Error: {str(e)}"
            },
            "data": None
        }), 500

# 4. UPDATE (Edit Mahasiswa)
@app.route("/mahasiswa/<int:id>", methods=["PUT", "PATCH"])
def update_mahasiswa(id):
    try:
        data = request.get_json()
        selected_mahasiswa = Mahasiswa.query.get_or_404(id)

        # Update field yang ada saja
        if "name" in data: selected_mahasiswa.name = data["name"]
        if "npm" in data: selected_mahasiswa.npm = data["npm"]
        if "profile_picture" in data: selected_mahasiswa.profile_picture = data["profile_picture"]
        if "prodi_id" in data: selected_mahasiswa.prodi_id = data["prodi_id"]

        db.session.commit()

        return jsonify({
            "meta": {
                "code": 200,
                "message": "Berhasil update mahasiswa"
            },
            "data": selected_mahasiswa.to_dict()
        })
    except Exception as e:
        return jsonify({
            "meta": {
                "code": 500,
                "message": str(e)
            }
        }), 500

# 5. DELETE (Hapus Mahasiswa)
@app.route("/mahasiswa/<int:id>", methods=["DELETE"])
def delete_mahasiswa(id):
    try:
        selected_mahasiswa = Mahasiswa.query.get_or_404(id)
        db.session.delete(selected_mahasiswa)
        db.session.commit()

        return jsonify({
            "meta": {
                "code": 200,
                "message": "Berhasil menghapus mahasiswa"
            },
            "data": selected_mahasiswa.to_dict()
        })
    except Exception as e:
        return jsonify({
            "meta": {
                "code": 500,
                "message": "Internal Server Error"
            }
        }), 500

# Endpoint Tambahan: List Prodi
@app.route("/prodi", methods=["GET"])
def prodi():
    list_prodi = Prodi.query.all()
    return jsonify({
        "meta": {
            "code": 200,
            "message": "List Prodi"
        },
        # Menampilkan prodi beserta list mahasiswanya (Nested)
        "data": [{**p.to_dict(), "mahasiswa": [m.to_dict() for m in p.mahasiswa]} for p in list_prodi]
    }), 200

if __name__ == "__main__":
    with app.app_context():
        # Membuat tabel otomatis jika belum ada
        db.create_all() 
    app.run(debug=True)